Chapter 6 & 7 Test on Friday

Test on Friday May 9th, 2014

STUDY GUIDE

6.1 The Molecules of Living Systems

• describe the chemical structure and function of carbohydrates (simple sugar, polysacharides), lipids and proteins.
• explain how macromolecules are synthesized (dehydration synthesis) and how they are broken down (hydrolyzed)
• explain the function of enzymes, how they speed up chemical reactions and what factors affect enzyme action
• be able to explain the following diagrams from page 207-215

6.2 The Digestive System

• identify the main structures and functions of the digestive system (be able to label diagram)
• describe important secretions of the digestive tract (p.219, table 6.2)
• identify and describe the structure and functions of accessory organs (liver, gall bladder and pancreas)
• explain the chemical digestion and absorption of  carbohydrates, lipids and proteins (be able to name each organ, enzyme secreted, substrate and product of digestion)
• describe where carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are absorbed
• describe how hormones (gastrin, secretin, CCK and GIP) regulate digestion function (p.230)
• describe the main function of the large intestine, bacteria in the colon, rectum and anus

6.3 Health and the Digestive System

• explain ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, Colitis, Hepatitis A,B and C, Cirrhosis and gallstones

7.1 Structures of the Respiratory System

• identify the structures and functions of the upper and lower respiratory system
• describe the 4 stages of respiration (breathing, external respiration, internal respiration and cellular respiration)

7.2 Breathing and Respiration

• explain the mechanics of breathing (inhalation and exhalation)
• explain the purpose of a Spirograph and explain tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, vital capacity and residual volume
• explain gas exchange and external respiration 

7.3 Respiratory Health

• identify and explain diseases that are associated with the respiratory system (tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, emphysema and asthma)